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Andrej Sámel — The First to Speak Out Against Mečiar and Warn Havel About Czechoslovakia’s Breakup
“Unforgivable, unjustified. It can never be forgotten.”
These are the words of Fedor Gál, who led Verejnosť proti násiliu (Public Against Violence, hereafter VPN) — a civic movement that emerged during the Velvet Revolution as the main democratic opposition to the communist regime in Slovakia. He was referring to the story of my great-grandmother’s brother, General Andrej Sámel. My family has not forgotten — my grandmother even found old newspaper articles that include his quotes.
Velvet Revolution and the Fall of Socialism in Czechoslovakia — November 1989
This story takes place shortly after the Velvet Revolution. Because of its outcome, I can write freely today. That is something worth remembering as we mark the anniversary of the events of 17 November 1989.
With great hope often come people who do not mean well. Some are ready to use energy and momentum for their own benefit. Slovakia after the fall of socialism was no exception.
Shortly after November 1989, a lawyer from Nemšová began gaining popularity — Vladimír Mečiar. In the euphoric atmosphere of the early 1990s, it was very difficult to confront him or question his methods. What followed is now well known: increasing nationalism, concentration of power, pressure on institutions, controversial privatisation, and Slovakia’s growing isolation from the West.
At the time, however, this was far from obvious. Andrej Sámel, then Deputy to the Federal Minister of the Interior, recognised the direction early — at a time when very few did.
Andrej Sámel was not without experience: during the Prague Spring in 1968, he supported a pluralistic political system and openly opposed the invasion of Warsaw Pact troops, led by the Soviet Union, which brought those reforms to an end. He was subsequently pushed out of political life and persecuted by the regime.
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Sources
Fedor Gál: Čriepok z mozaiky
Fedor Gál: Ešte raz a naposledy: Koniec príbehu
Luciano Antonetti: Arrestato Bilak Aprì Praga all'Urss
SMER-dnes (Slovenský východ, Mladá fronta dnes, Práce, Slezkomoravský den): Andrej prehovoril
Pavlík Vladimír: Ako Mečiar a Kňažko gen. Sámela žalovali
sme.sk: Generál Sámel sa označuje za jednu z prvých obetí nežnej revolúcie
The New York Times: Evolution in Europe; Czechoslovakia Detains Ex-Communist Party Leader and 4 Others
Zamudio Martínez, R.: La revolución de terciopelo en Checoslovaquia: cronología 1988–1990
Summary
Common questions on this article's topic
What was the Velvet Revolution?
Who was Vladimír Mečiar?
Who was Andrej Sámel?
What happened to Czechoslovakia and why did it split?
What was the Prague Spring of 1968?
What happened to Andrej Sámel after he warned about Mečiar?
If you have any thoughts, questions, or feedback, feel free to drop me a message at mail@richardgolian.com.
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