Article
Is AI a Bubble? The Real Risk Is a Middle-Class Confidence Crisis, Not Nvidia
Is AI a Bubble? The Debate Is Looking in the Wrong Place
When someone loses their job, their sense of security collapses, and their belief that hard work guarantees a decent life is shattered, they sell their stocks either immediately, because they must, or as soon as the prices start falling. This reaction is quite probable.
In this post, I will describe a black scenario with a non-negligible probability. I sincerely hope it never materializes.
The scenario revolves around the potential response of the middle class, who actively invest in stocks, to changes caused by the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence.
The Middle Class Is the Market's Hidden Fault Line
Morning in an open-space office. Petra, a senior marketing manager at a small tech firm, walks between rows of desks, coffee in hand. A notification pops up on Slack: “New AI tool creates an entire campaign in just three clicks. We are launching a pilot.” Petra feels a sharp pinch in her stomach. It is not that she adores writing banners, but behind those banners lie her mortgage payments and her daughter's tuition. At lunchtime, she quietly opens her brokerage app to check her portfolio, the stocks she is been investing 10% of her salary into for years. Her thumb hesitates over the "Sell" button. For now, she resists.
Petra represents countless retail investors among lawyers, IT specialists, accountants, bankers, managers, and doctors, people who regularly invest part of their earnings into index funds, mutual funds, or stocks. To illustrate: in the U.S. stock market, this group accounts for a substantial share of daily trading volume. Estimates suggest the lower double-digit percentages. Collective actions from this group, mass selling or buying simultaneously, can significantly shake stock prices.
Imagine a chain of events: negative headlines about layoffs due to AI appear increasingly often, starting with economic news titles like “Automation Eliminates More Jobs.” The fundamental belief of the middle class, that diligence ensures a decent life, begins to crumble.
Join the Library
Full access to my findings, personal stories, and what I learn from the people I meet.
Join the Library · €29.99 per year What should I study in the age of AI?… I Left My Job for Several Months to Read… How I Fell in Love With Her, at First… How do you stop depending on social media? Can… How to Start With AI in a Company: Automating… Fable 5 vs Opus: I Ran the Same Audit…Get the full article by email and feel free to reply if you want to discuss it further.
Disclaimer
This article is intended for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute financial advice, a recommendation to buy or sell any securities, or a guarantee of future market performance. The views expressed are solely those of the author, who may also be an investor. Investing in financial markets involves risk, and each reader should make their own decisions independently and, if necessary, consult with a licensed professional.
Summary
Common questions on this article's topic
How could AI-driven job losses trigger a stock market crash?
What share of stock market trading comes from retail investors?
What is a stop-loss cascade?
How does social media amplify financial panic?
Could the belief that hard work guarantees a decent life actually collapse?
Is this scenario likely to happen?
Is AI a bubble?
When will the AI bubble burst?
Is the AI bubble like the dotcom bubble?
Will AI crash the stock market?
Related articles
Prague, 13 May 2026. On my way to work I started thinking about something that stayed with me for days. If most routine work on a computer disappears in the next ten years, and a large share of repetitive manual work disappears with it, what happens to the flow of money? Who pays whom for what? Which economic layers will exist, how large will they be, and what relationships will run between them? This is the six-layer map I sketched as an answer.
In April, in the first part of this series, I wrote about an AI prediction system I had started building on my own machine. At the time the software was a few hours old and the prediction record was empty. The record since then has shown one thing: the system does not yet understand the market it is being asked to forecast. It can pull macro context, book value, earnings. But it cannot put those together into something that helps it understand the price.
I am building an AI system to predict the S&P 500. It runs on my own machine, uses free public data (yfinance, FRED, the Shiller dataset), and grades every forecast against reality. This series documents the build itself: the decisions, the methodology, the mistakes. What I will eventually share from the running system is a separate question, and an honest one.
More articles
The development of artificial intelligence changes how we look at which paths in life make sense. Which studies and which profession to choose.
It was Thursday, 31 March 2022, when I handed over the last of my responsibilities to my colleagues, closed my laptop and went to the library. I left my job for several months and immersed myself in philosophy. And I am immensely grateful for it. Today I am, like most people, on a merry-go-round, and it is hard for me to stop and think about the fundamental questions of my own life.
It was September 2023. My life, my work, everything was completely different from now. It was simpler. I owned almost nothing. I needed to film an advert, I went up to a floor inside the company where the product I needed for that advert was, and there I noticed her for the first time. She laughs at me when I describe it like this, but at that moment the universe told me, that is her.
How and why I am gradually leaving social media and the big platforms. When I read that Meta is testing a new way to charge for organic posts that link outside its platform, it confirms how right I was to become steadily less dependent on the big platforms and on social media. It does not mean I have left them completely. It means that whether or not I stay in touch with my readers depends on them less and less, and today almost not at all.
One of my family members described a firm that has its data in several different tools, and its employees still join it by hand, in spreadsheets. That is the ordinary state of firms. When somebody tells such people not to do it by hand and to use AI, they will not understand. Most firms do not even have the basic connectors between the tools they use. These firms need help with AI transformation.
The same task, two models. Fable 5 against Opus 4.8. On paper Fable is the better model, with a larger context and stronger specs. And still it lost. Opus handled the task with a single round of checking for 721,000 tokens, while Fable needed nine rounds and burnt through 2.78 million tokens. The difference was not in the model, but in how I set the task. And I know it, because I measured it.
A few weeks ago I installed a small local AI model on my laptop that watches a live camera feed. I turned the webcam on in the dark, and in near total darkness it recognised me and the objects in the room. That such things exist, I have known for a long time. What opened my eyes was the accessibility. I installed it in one prompt, free, and it runs entirely on my machine, sending data nowhere.

I once wrote about building my own privacy-friendly analytics tool. It had bot detection from the first version, yet it was not enough. Direct visits took a strangely high share of my traffic. When someone claims that 20% of their visits are bots and 80% are humans, I used to think the same. Today I would say the opposite ratio is closer to the truth. This is how I got there.

I have Heidegger and my notebook beside me. I am asking where all of this is heading, where artificial intelligence is taking us.
Seventy per cent. That is where the first AI output begins, even when you give it the full company context and the best examples from the past. We are talking about the kind of output that cannot be defined programmatically. It is more complex. Often it is creative work. On one repeated type of output I reached eighty per cent within a week. Every further percentage point is harder than the one before.

Four days in Catalonia. No computer, no AI, almost no social media. I bought this notebook so that I could write down what I would think about, and what I would come across and learn on the trip.

