Richard Golian

1995-born. Charles University alum. Head of Performance at Mixit. 10+ years in marketing and data.

#myjourney #myfamily #health #cognition #philosophy #digital #artificialintelligence #darkness #security #finance #politics #banskabystrica #carpathians

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Richard Golian

Hi, I am Richard. On this blog, I share thoughts, personal stories — and what I am working on. I hope this article brings you some value.

Best Philosophy Books That Changed How I Think

Best philosophy books: Stoicism, Phenomenology, Existentialism

By Richard Golian

Since my early childhood, I have been an avid reader. Looking back, I consider myself an ideal child: asleep, playing alone, or immersed in books. Reflecting on this, not much has changed over the past 28 years.

Personal writings by Marcus Aurelius
Personal writings by Marcus Aurelius with my notes and quotes from other Roman thinkers

Interestingly, I did not require a vast collection of books; I sought out the ones I found most intriguing. This approach seemed logical—why settle for less when you can enjoy the best available? Although I cannot recall the first book that captivated me, by the time I entered elementary school, a book about mammals had become my constant companion. I read it so frequently that the cover fell apart. I memorized facts about various mammals, including their characteristics and habitats.

However, the advent of the Internet marked a decline in my book reading. Technology utterly fascinated me, and at 12, I dedicated a summer to learning web development. This phase of my life, misunderstood by my family as mere gaming, was an enriching learning experience. I may share more about that period in a future post.

End of High School and Return to Books

As I contemplated my university studies, despite my experience as a freelance web developer and creator of several projects, I grew disinterested in coding. I chose to study International Relations, Politics, and Philosophy at Charles University.

The preparation for university admissions led me to disconnect from the Internet and retreat to the science library in my hometown, Banská Bystrica. That year was one of the best in my life, offering me the tranquillity and time to delve into topics of great interest to me, such as the chronologies of critical historical events in Western civilization and the exploration of historical maps. This period felt like a rebirth.

My blog page originated shortly after, documenting my growing fascination with knowledge approaches and phenomenology, especially during my master's studies, which bridged science and philosophy.

Books That Most Changed My Outlook on Life and the World

My childhood habit of re-reading favourite books has persisted, leading me to revisit many titles multiple times, with plans to re-read especially compelling sections. I have ranked these books by my current preference.

  • 8. Apology of Socrates (Ἀπολογία Σωκράτους) by Plato

This text offers Plato's rendition of Socrates' defence before his condemnation to death. I recommend it to everyone for its unparalleled impact on Western thought.

  • 7. On the Essence of Truth (Vom Wesen der Wahrheit) by Martin Heidegger

Engaging with this text was a formidable challenge, requiring two years of intensive study at Charles University, after which I felt I had barely scratched the surface—approach with caution due to its complexity.

  • 6. The Phenomenology of Spirit (Phänomenologie des Geistes) by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

This work comes with a dual warning: its complexity and the irreversible change in perspective it offers, primarily through its analysis of the Dialectic of Lord and Bondsman.

  • 5. Practice in Christianity (Indøvelse i Christendom) by Søren Kierkegaard

More than a discourse on faith, this work presents a reflective critique of the times, including the consequences of Hegel's rationality and the approach of modern science, offering a perspective that resonates beyond religious boundaries.

  • 4. Gorgias (Γοργίας) by Plato

I recommend it to everyone. Read it!

  • 3. Truth and Method (Wahrheit und Methode) by Hans-Georg Gadamer

A book that deepens the reader's understanding of philosophical and scientific discussions, suitable for readers across the spectrum of expertise.

  • 2. Being and Time (Sein und Zeit) by Martin Heidegger

It is a monumental text that I have engaged with extensively, revisiting specific passages nearly a hundred times. I caution potential readers about its complexity. It transcends ordinary understanding, requiring guidance from those experienced in Heidegger's thought.

I mentioned certain passages from this book in a post about the meaning of life in the age of artificial intelligence.

  • 1. Personal writings by Marcus Aurelius

My copy, brimming with annotations and quotes from other Roman thinkers, is a testament to my journey with this book. I recommend it to everyone.

What My Copy of Marcus Aurelius Actually Looks Like

The first page has nothing to do with Marcus Aurelius. It is covered in quotes from Cicero and Quintilian that I wrote there before I even started reading.

Sine philosophia non posse effici quem quaerimus eloquentem. Without philosophy, one cannot become the orator we seek. Cicero. Then Quintilian: Quare non, ut intellegere possit, sed, ne omnino possit non intellegere, curandum. The concern is not that the listener might understand — but that he cannot possibly fail to understand.

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Summary

Eight books that changed how I see the world. Marcus Aurelius at the top — my most annotated copy. Heidegger's Being and Time revisited nearly a hundred times. Plato's Gorgias. Gadamer. Kierkegaard. Hegel. Consistent rereading is how ideas become part of you.
Richard Golian

If you have any thoughts, questions, or feedback, feel free to drop me a message at mail@richardgolian.com.

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Common questions on this article's topic

What is Marcus Aurelius' Meditations about?
Meditations — originally titled Ta eis heauton, meaning Things Unto Himself — are the private personal writings of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius. They were never intended for publication. Written in the second century AD, they record his reflections on Stoic philosophy: how to maintain composure, act with virtue, and accept what cannot be controlled. In the article, this is ranked as the most influential book on the list.
Why is Heidegger's Being and Time considered so important?
Being and Time (Sein und Zeit), published in 1927, is widely regarded as one of the most important philosophical works of the 20th century. It profoundly influenced existentialism, phenomenology, hermeneutics, and deconstruction. The article describes engaging with specific passages nearly a hundred times, and cautions that the text transcends ordinary understanding — requiring guidance from those experienced in Heidegger's thought.
How can reading ancient philosophy change your perspective on modern life?
In the article, several examples illustrate this transformation. Plato's Gorgias — a dialogue examining rhetoric, power, and the distinction between genuine knowledge and flattery — has striking relevance in an age of political marketing and disinformation. Marcus Aurelius' Meditations, written nearly two thousand years ago, offers principles for maintaining composure that apply directly to today's challenges. Hegel's Master-Slave dialectic provides a framework for understanding power relationships that remains analytically powerful. Each text is described as producing an irreversible shift in perspective.
What is the Master-Slave dialectic in Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit?
The Dialectic of Lord and Bondsman is a famous passage in Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit (1807) that analyses the relationship between self-consciousness and recognition. Through the struggle between master and slave, Hegel shows how genuine self-awareness arises not from domination but from labour and creative engagement with the world. In the article, it is highlighted as offering an irreversible change in perspective.